History

-The word cosmetics derives from the a Greek word(κοσμητικὴ) , meaning “technique of dress and ornament”.

Egyptian man  and women used makeup to enhance their appearance. They were very fond of eyeliner and eye-shadow in dark colors including blue, red, and black.

Ancient Sumerian men and women were possibly the first to invent and wear lipstick, about 5,000 years ago.They crushed gemstones and used them to decorate their faces, mainly on the lips and around the eyes.

 Also around 3000 BC to 1500 BC, women in the ancient Indus Valley Civilization applied red tinted lipstick to their lips for face decoration.Lipsticks with shimmering effects were initially made using a pearlescent substance found in fish scales. Six thousand year old relics of the hollowed out tombs of the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs are discovered.

According to one source, early major developments include:

• Kohl used by ancient Egypt as a protective of the eye.
• Castor oil used by ancient Egypt as a protective balm.
• Skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rose water, described by Romans.
• Vaseline and lanolin in the nineteenth century.

Cosmetic use was frowned upon at many points in Western history. For example, in the 19th century, Queen Victoria publicly declared make-up improper, vulgar, and acceptable only for use by actors.

During the sixteenth century, the personal attributes of the women who used make-up created a demand for the product among the upper class.

As of 2016, the world’s largest cosmetics company is L’Oréal, which was founded by Eugène Schueller in 1909 as the French Harmless Hair Colouring Company (now owned by Liliane Bettencourt 26% and Nestlé 28%; the remaining 46% is traded publicly). The market was developed in the US during the 1910s by Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein, and Max Factor. These firms were joined by Revlon just before World War II and Estée Lauder just after.